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OmniPage 11 http://www.scansoft.com
2008-12-17T16:13:35+13:00
2008-12-17T16:13:35+13:00
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(Acknowledgements) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 722 Tm
(This work was carried out with the generous assistance of DoC staff from the) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 708 Tm
(Wanganui Conservancy, and their involvement is gratefully acknowledged. I) Tj
102 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 694 Tm
(would also like to sincerely thank Dr Gibbs and Mr Meads for their very prompt) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 680 Tm
(assistance with weta identifications. Also I thank Mr Nunn for the painstak-) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 666 Tm
(ing identifications of small beetles from the pit-traps. My special thanks to Mr) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 652 Tm
(Colin Ogle who made helpful comments on the draft manuscript.) Tj
/OP11Font0 28 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 152 592 Tm
(References) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
80 Tz
1 0 0 1 151 547 Tm
(Alma, P .J., 1977:) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 216 547 Tm
(Aenetus virescens) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 293 547 Tm
(\(Doubleday\) \(Lepidopters: Hepialidae\)) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 451 546 Tm
(Forest and Tim-) Tj
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 536 Tm
(ber Insects of New Zealand, No. 16.) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 330 535 Tm
(Forest Research Institute, Rotorua.) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 152 518 Tm
(Grehan, J. R., 1983: Larval establishment behaviour of the borer) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
94 Tz
1 0 0 1 414 518 Tm
(Aenetus virescens) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
82 Tz
1 0 0 1 493 517 Tm
(\(Lepi-) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 507 Tm
(doptera: Hepialidae\) in live trees.) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
94 Tz
1 0 0 1 318 506 Tm
(New Zealand Entomologist) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 435 506 Tm
(7 \(4\) 413-417.) Tj
86 Tz
1 0 0 1 152 489 Tm
(Hudson, G. V , 1928: "Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand." Ferguson and Osborn, Welling-) Tj
88 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 478 Tm
(ton.) Tj
83 Tz
1 0 0 1 152 461 Tm
(Miller, D., 1984:) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
93 Tz
1 0 0 1 217 461 Tm
(Common Insects in New Zealand.) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
83 Tz
1 0 0 1 359 460 Tm
(A. H. & A. W Reed, Wellington.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 152 443 Tm
(Morgan-Richards, M., 1995: A new species of tree weta from the North Island of New Zea-) Tj
1 0 0 1 180 432 Tm
(land) Tj
80 Tz
1 0 0 1 200 432 Tm
(\() Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
93 Tz
1 0 0 1 203 432 Tm
(Hemideina:) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 253 432 Tm
(Stenopalmatidae: Orthoptera\)) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 374 431 Tm
(New Zealand Entomologist, 18) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
74 Tz
1 0 0 1 505 431 Tm
(15-) Tj
80 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 420 Tm
(23.) Tj
1 0 0 1 152 403 Tm
(Ogle, C. C.; Barkla, J. W , 1995:) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
93 Tz
1 0 0 1 272 403 Tm
(Brachyglottis sciadopbila) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
87 Tz
1 0 0 1 381 403 Tm
(at Mataroa, Taihape; a new record) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 392 Tm
(for the North Island.) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 266 392 Tm
(New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter 40:) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
80 Tz
1 0 0 1 462 391 Tm
(7-9.) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 539 30 Tm
(9) Tj
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(the west,) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
113 Tz
1 0 0 1 227 775 Tm
(Duvaliomimus watti) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 333 775 Tm
(from the north,) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 411 775 Tm
(Prosphodrus occultus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
102 Tz
1 0 0 1 522 775 Tm
(from) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 761 Tm
(the east and) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 238 761 Tm
(Selenochilus rufipes) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 338 761 Tm
(from the south. These appear to be the most) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 747 Tm
(striking "outsiders". Other species are either well distributed in the central) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 734 Tm
(area or are of wider distribution, so that they would be expected there, any-) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 719 Tm
(way. There is one example \(mentioned above\) of a carabid of restricted North) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 706 Tm
(Island distribution and also appearing in the South Island; that) Tj
95 Tz
1 0 0 1 483 705 Tm
(is) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 494 705 Tm
(Molopsida) Tj
116 Tz
1 0 0 1 178 692 Tm
(pretiosa) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 222 691 Tm
(which was described from the Central Plateau area, and not known) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 678 Tm
(to occur south of about Raetihi and Taranaki \(and now Mataroa\) in the North) Tj
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 664 Tm
(Island, but occurs again in the South Island in the Golden Bay, Nelson District.) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 650 Tm
(Perhaps) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 221 650 Tm
(Molopsida seriatopora) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
113 Tz
1 0 0 1 337 650 Tm
(could also come into this category as it is) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 636 Tm
(recorded in the North Island from the Kaimai Ranges south, but appears to be) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 622 Tm
(absent from the Tararuas. However it is present again in the northern part of) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 609 Tm
(the South Island, down to about the Murchison area.) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 580 Tm
(This survey of insect fauna has not revealed distribution patterns amongst) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 566 Tm
(the arthropods that parallel the southern botanical connections as shown in) Tj
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 552 Tm
(Ogle & Barkla \(1995\); however, there are some eastern affinities. At this stage) Tj
97 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 539 Tm
(it) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 191 539 Tm
(would be too premature to quote the syrphid fly as an example, without) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 525 Tm
(knowing more about its general distribution. Perhaps the closest equivalents) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 511 Tm
(amongst the Carabidae would be the two) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 385 511 Tm
(Molopsida) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 441 511 Tm
(species) Tj
80 Tz
1 0 0 1 480 511 Tm
(\() Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
116 Tz
1 0 0 1 482 511 Tm
(pretiosa) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
100 Tz
1 0 0 1 528 511 Tm
(and) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
113 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 498 Tm
(seriatopora) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 237 498 Tm
(\),) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 246 497 Tm
(but in spite of the Tararua gap, they would not be regarded par-) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 483 Tm
(ticularly as "South Island species living in the north", rather species whose) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 469 Tm
(distribution covered both islands.) Tj
/OP11Font0 28 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 408 Tm
(Future study) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 362 Tm
(In the future it would be worth while to continue monitoring the Carabidae) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 348 Tm
(to see if other species can be found in the Reserve. Another interesting group) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 334 Tm
(to explore with regard to southern connections would be the Lepidoptera,) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 320 Tm
(and possibly caddis flies.) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 293 Tm
(The strong suspicion that) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 309 292 Tm
(Hemideina trewicki) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 413 292 Tm
(may be present in the area) Tj
116 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 278 Tm
(calls for follow-up studies. Dr Gibbs has asked if ten live specimens of) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 265 Tm
(Hemideina) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 237 265 Tm
(could be collected from the Reserve, obtaining as wide a range of) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 251 Tm
(colour variations as possible. DNA studies on these would help determine) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 237 Tm
(which species is present, if more than one species occurs there, and the pos-) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 223 Tm
(sible presence of hybrids. This may help clarify the true nature of) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 492 222 Tm
(H. trewicki) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 208 Tm
(as this is the first area where a good population is known.) Tj
81 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 181 Tm
(I) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 187 181 Tm
(cannot define any one species of insect that would be suitable for a quick) Tj
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 167 Tm
(guide to the "healthiness" of the fauna, for future surveys. Any specialist would) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 179 153 Tm
(be able to draw comparisons within their group, and the Carabideae would) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 179 139 Tm
(be an example of this, but the larger, more obvious species such as wetas or) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 179 126 Tm
(puriri) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 212 125 Tm
(moths would pose problems for sampling. The total richness of the) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 179 111 Tm
(fauna would be a better guide, but this is not always easy to interpret.) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 55 31 Tm
(8) Tj
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106 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 775 Tm
(Often found by beating shrubbery; the two specimens seen at Paengaroa were) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 761 Tm
(seen crawling on a mossy log at night. \(The same mossy log that harboured) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 748 Tm
(Oopterus flavipes) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
36 Tz
1 0 0 1 267 748 Tm
(.) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 269 748 Tm
(\)) Tj
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 275 748 Tm
(Tribe Lebiini.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
126 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 720 Tm
(Dicrochile cephalotes) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
116 Tz
1 0 0 1 313 720 Tm
(Broun) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 691 Tm
(The type locality of this licinine is Ngatira, near Rotorua and it is known from) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 678 Tm
(there south to Wellington, and westward to Taranaki, so its occurrence at) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 664 Tm
(Mataroa is not surprising. A specimen was seen in the Reserve in October) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 650 Tm
(1993, and two were found in pit-traps in area C during the survey. It only) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 636 Tm
(occurs sporadically and in my experience it is never common.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
125 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 609 Tm
(Selenochilus ?ruficornis) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
122 Tz
1 0 0 1 327 609 Tm
(\(Broun\)) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 580 Tm
(This genus has not been revised since the original descriptions were made by) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 566 Tm
(Broun, so accurate identification is difficult.) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
81 Tz
1 0 0 1 394 566 Tm
(S) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
72 Tz
1 0 0 1 399 566 Tm
(.) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 405 566 Tm
(ruficornis) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
95 Tz
1 0 0 1 457 566 Tm
(is) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 468 565 Tm
(the only species) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 552 Tm
(described from the North Island, but the type locality is Wellington and it \(or) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 538 Tm
(related species\) is known to occur along the west coast as far north as the) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 525 Tm
(Upper Awakino. The specimen from Mataroa was taken in a pit-trap from) Tj
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 511 Tm
(area B.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
127 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 483 Tm
(Molopsida pretiosa) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
120 Tz
1 0 0 1 301 483 Tm
(\(Broun\)) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 454 Tm
(This small \(5mm\) carabid was found to be quite common in leaf litter sam-) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 440 Tm
(ples from moist areas under white pine. It also occurred in several of the pit-) Tj
1 0 0 1 181 427 Tm
(traps. The type locality for the species is Raurimu, so it could be expected at) Tj
1 0 0 1 182 413 Tm
(Mataroa. However it does have an unusual distribution, being apparently ab-) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 399 Tm
(sent from the southern part of the North Island, but appearing again in the) Tj
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 385 Tm
(Nelson area.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
127 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 358 Tm
(Molopsida seriatopora) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
120 Tz
1 0 0 1 322 357 Tm
(\(Bates\)) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 329 Tm
(Another small ground beetle found within a rotting log from area B, down-) Tj
1 0 0 1 182 315 Tm
(stream from the swing bridge during the December visit. Is known to be in) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 301 Tm
(the district and has a wide distribution.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
126 Tz
1 0 0 1 180 273 Tm
(Molopsida strenua) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
122 Tz
1 0 0 1 296 274 Tm
(\(Broun\)) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 245 Tm
(Similar to the above species in general morphology and distribution. A speci-) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 231 Tm
(men was found in decaying wood on the underside of a log during the Janu-) Tj
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 217 Tm
(ary visit.) Tj
/OP11Font0 28 Tf
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 156 Tm
(Discussion) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
138 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 110 Tm
(MATAROA - THE MEETING PLACE) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 81 Tm
(To summarise the above, Mataroa is an area where species meet, that appear) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 67 Tm
(to have different centres of distribution:) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 379 67 Tm
(Oopterus fulvipes) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
102 Tz
1 0 0 1 469 66 Tm
(from Taranaki to) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 540 30 Tm
(7) Tj
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102 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 759 Tm
(Valley and Parapara. A different species,) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
113 Tz
1 0 0 1 344 759 Tm
(Prosphodrus waltoni,) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 452 758 Tm
(was described) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 745 Tm
(from caves in the Waikato, and this species has been found as far south as) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 731 Tm
(Taranaki and east to Jerusalem on the Wanganui River and Parapara. The full) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 718 Tm
(interplay of these two species, seemingly from the east and west, has yet to) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 703 Tm
(be resolved. However, the Mataroa specimen is clearly of the eastern species.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
122 Tz
1 0 0 1 154 675 Tm
(Duvaliomimus watti) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
121 Tz
1 0 0 1 277 675 Tm
(Britton) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 155 647 Tm
(This belongs to the tribe Trechini, and is a southern representative of a spe-) Tj
1 0 0 1 156 633 Tm
(cies described from the Hunua Range, near Auckland. It has also been seen) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 619 Tm
(from Coromandel Range, and Mt. William near Pokeno. Perhaps not surpris-) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 606 Tm
(ingly, there appears to be a gap in its distribution around the Taupo volcanic) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 592 Tm
(area, but it appears again at Wairahue and Hihitahi, and now at Mataroa.) Tj
1 0 0 1 156 564 Tm
(It also occurs in the Manawatu Gorge and along the western Tararua foothills) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 549 Tm
(and down to Wellington. It is a rather variable species with different forms) Tj
121 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 535 Tm
(appearing at different localities. However two forms appear to exist) Tj
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 522 Tm
(sympatrically at Mataroa. A single specimen of the smaller type-form and four) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 508 Tm
(of a larger form were found in flood debris associated with the central stream.) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 494 Tm
(Also its larva was found for the first time.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
125 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 466 Tm
(Zolus atratus) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
120 Tz
1 0 0 1 240 467 Tm
(Broun) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 438 Tm
(Type locality for this species is Mt. Egmont, but it appears to be quite widely) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 424 Tm
(distributed, at least in the southern half of the North Island. A specimen was) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 410 Tm
(found under loose bark of a fallen log near the western entrance to the Re-) Tj
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 396 Tm
(serve.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
125 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 368 Tm
(Zolus femoralis) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
120 Tz
1 0 0 1 253 368 Tm
(Broun) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 340 Tm
(Type locality for this species is Wellington, and is very similar to the above) Tj
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 326 Tm
(species but has a narrower head - maximum width at the eyes is less than) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 158 312 Tm
(1.5mm. It is also widely distributed in the southern half of the North Island.) Tj
1 0 0 1 157 298 Tm
(A specimen was found under bark near the western entrance to the Reserve.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
124 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 270 Tm
(Oopterus fulvipes) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
120 Tz
1 0 0 1 266 270 Tm
(Broun) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 242 Tm
(This small \(6mm\) carabid belongs to the tribe Zolini, as does the previous) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 229 Tm
(one. Its type locality is Midhurst and I have previously found it only from Mt.) Tj
1 0 0 1 157 214 Tm
(Egmont and Lake Rotokare, Eltham, never commonly. So it was interesting to) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 200 Tm
(note over a dozen specimens on one particular mossy log in the Reserve at) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 186 Tm
(night on both visits \(but not seen on any other logs\). Whether the very tightly) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 172 Tm
(growing moss, or the stage of decay of the log or some other factors influ-) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 158 Tm
(enced their presence, is not known.) Tj
/OP11Font2 11 Tf
125 Tz
1 0 0 1 156 130 Tm
(Demetrida nasuta) Tj
/OP11Font3 11 Tf
114 Tz
1 0 0 1 267 130 Tm
(White) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 102 Tm
(These small \(7mm\) carabid beetles are widespread in the North Island and) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 88 Tm
(northern part of the South Island. They can be easily identified by the cream) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 157 73 Tm
(and dark markings on the elytra.) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 33 13 Tm
(6) Tj
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0 0 0 rg
/T1_0 11 Tf
126 Tz 180 775 Td
(Neocicindela tuberculata)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
120 Tz 153 0 Td
(\(Fabricius\))Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
110 Tz -152 -28 Td
(This is the commonest of the 14 species of tiger beetles found in New Ze\
a-)Tj
113 Tz 0 -14 TD
(land. In fact it has the distinction of being one of the insects collect\
ed on)Tj
106 Tz 0 -13 TD
(Cook's voyage to New Zealand. For a long time, tiger beetles were though\
t to)Tj
0 -14 TD
(be a separate family from the Carabidae, but most workers now class them\
as)Tj
110 Tz T*
(a Subfamily within the Carabidae. This is the only carabid seen at Matar\
oa)Tj
106 Tz T*
(that has fully developed wings and flies readily.)Tj
109 Tz 0 -28 TD
(Specimens were seen stalking other insects along the clay edge of the ro\
ad-)Tj
110 Tz 0 -14 TD
(side near the Reserve. [Fabricius \(1770-1830\) was a pupil of Linnaeus \
and)Tj
107 Tz T*
(continued his system of nomenclature which is still followed today.])Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
118 Tz -1 -27 Td
(Mecodema)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
114 Tz 67 0 Td
(cf.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
125 Tz 17 0 Td
(o'connori)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
120 Tz 60 0 Td
(Broun)Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
111 Tz -143 -29 Td
(This is a large ground beetle, up to 35mm in length, belonging to the tr\
ibe)Tj
100 Tz 0 -13 TD
(Broscini. Typical)Tj
/T1_3 11 Tf
111 Tz 81 0 Td
(o'connori)Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
108 Tz 50 -1 Td
(occurs in the Levin area and is quite restricted in)Tj
110 Tz -131 -14 Td
(distribution, but the very similar \(although separable\) unnamed form h\
as a)Tj
104 Tz 0 -12 TD
(far)Tj
116 Tz 18 -1 Td
(more scattered distribution in the North Island. I have records from)Tj
115 Tz -18 -14 Td
(Coromandel, East Cape, Waikato, Mt. Egmont / Taranaki, Maraetotara,)Tj
105 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Norsewood, Hunterville, Pohangina and Kimbolton.)Tj
106 Tz 0 -28 TD
(So it is not surprising for it to be at Mataroa. In the Reserve it was s\
een under)Tj
0 -14 TD
(a log in the area downstream from the swing bridge, and also one was cau\
ght)Tj
108 Tz 0 -13 TD
(in a pit-trap there.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
127 Tz -1 -28 Td
(Plocamostethus planiusculus)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
121 Tz 177 -1 Td
(\(White\))Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
119 Tz -176 -28 Td
(This ground beetle is almost as large \(30mm\) but belongs in the tribe)Tj
109 Tz T*
(Pterostichini. It is common in moist bush areas throughout the North Isl\
and)Tj
104 Tz 0 -14 TD
(south of Auckland \(except much of Hawkes Bay\), and also occurs in the \
north-)Tj
108 Tz T*
(ern part of the South Island.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
129 Tz -1 -28 Td
(Holcaspis hispida)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
120 Tz 113 -1 Td
(\(Broun\))Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
103 Tz -113 -28 Td
(A smaller pterostichine, usually less than 25mm in length. Five specimen\
s were)Tj
109 Tz T*
(taken in pit-traps from area C. Luckily one of these was a male from whi\
ch)Tj
107 Tz T*
(the identification was made - females can look deceptively like some clo\
sely)Tj
113 Tz 0 -13 TD
(allied species. In fact there may be another species there as well, but \
this)Tj
108 Tz 0 -14 TD
(cannot be decided until more males are found.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
127 Tz -1 -28 Td
(Prosphodrus occultus)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
119 Tz 136 -1 Td
(Britton)Tj
/T1_2 11 Tf
106 Tz -135 -28 Td
(This carabid is restricted to the immediate vicinity of water, either in\
caves or)Tj
108 Tz T*
(small rocky streams. They are so used to the watery environment, that wh\
en)Tj
113 Tz 0 -13 TD
(disturbed, their usual reaction is to crawl down under water amongst the\
)Tj
108 Tz 0 -15 TD
(stones and gravel. One adult and one larva were found in the central str\
eam.)Tj
107 Tz -1 -13 Td
(The species was first described in 1960 from a cave near Wairoa.)Tj
113 Tz 0 -29 TD
(Since then further specimens have been found in creeks in the Urewera -)Tj
107 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Gisborne district, Puketitiri, Makuri and south to Akatarawa. It has als\
o been)Tj
104 Tz T*
(taken as far west as Hihitahi, Apiti, Rangiwahia and Wharite and also Tu\
rakina)Tj
100 Tz 359 -34 Td
(5)Tj
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90 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 775 Tm
(COCCINELLIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 352 775 Tm
(Rhyxobius rarus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 436 776 Tm
(\(Broun, 1880\)) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 761 Tm
(COLYDIIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 352 762 Tm
(Enarsus backwelli) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
102 Tz
1 0 0 1 446 762 Tm
(Pascoe, 1886) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 748 Tm
(COLYDIIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 748 Tm
(Gleneteia costata) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 441 748 Tm
(Broun, 1893) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 734 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 352 734 Tm
(Brachycerinae Indet. 1) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 720 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 720 Tm
(Brachycerinae Indet. 2) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 706 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 706 Tm
(Brachycerinae Indet. 3) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 692 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 692 Tm
(Catoptes binodes) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 439 693 Tm
(\(White, 1846\)) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 678 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 678 Tm
(Crisius ?gerisealis) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 444 679 Tm
(Broun, 1921) Tj
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 664 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 665 Tm
(Crisius semifuscus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 448 665 Tm
(Broun, 1913) Tj
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 650 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 651 Tm
(Erymneus probus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 443 651 Tm
(Broun) Tj
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 181 637 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
104 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 637 Tm
(Lyperobates) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 414 637 Tm
(sp.) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 623 Tm
(CURCULIONIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 353 623 Tm
(Phrynixus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 407 623 Tm
(sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 609 Tm
(EROTYLIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 609 Tm
(Cryptodacne) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 419 609 Tm
(sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 595 Tm
(HISTERIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 595 Tm
(Indet.) Tj
91 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 581 Tm
(HYDROPHILLIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 581 Tm
(Cyloma lawsona) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 439 582 Tm
(Sharp, 1872) Tj
92 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 567 Tm
(HYDROPHILIDAE) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 567 Tm
(Indet.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 553 Tm
(LATHRIDIIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 553 Tm
(Indet.) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 539 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 540 Tm
(Colon hirtale) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 422 540 Tm
(Broun, 1880) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 182 525 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 526 Tm
(Isocatops concinnus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 457 526 Tm
(Broun) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 511 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 512 Tm
(Isocolon) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
99 Tz
1 0 0 1 399 512 Tm
(? sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 498 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
102 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 498 Tm
(Mesocolon) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 409 498 Tm
(sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 484 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
112 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 484 Tm
(Paracatops lugubris) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
105 Tz
1 0 0 1 456 485 Tm
(\(Sharp, 1882\)) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 470 Tm
(LEIODIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 470 Tm
(Zeadolopus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
101 Tz
1 0 0 1 414 470 Tm
(sp. 1) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 456 Tm
(LEOIDIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 456 Tm
(Zeadolopus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 414 456 Tm
(sp.) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 431 456 Tm
(2) Tj
87 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 442 Tm
(SCARABAEIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 442 Tm
(Saprosites inflatipes) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
87 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 428 Tm
(SCARABAEIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 428 Tm
(Saprosites) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
95 Tz
1 0 0 1 408 428 Tm
(sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 414 Tm
(SCYDMAENIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
100 Tz
1 0 0 1 355 414 Tm
(Indet. 1) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 401 Tm
(SCYDMAENIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 355 401 Tm
(Indet. 2) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 386 Tm
(STAPHYLINIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 354 387 Tm
(Hadrotes wakefieldi) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 183 373 Tm
(STAPHYLINIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 355 373 Tm
(Quedius) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
103 Tz
1 0 0 1 399 373 Tm
(sp.) Tj
89 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 359 Tm
(STAPHYLINIDAE) Tj
2000 Tz
1 0 0 1 0 841 Tm
(\t) Tj
/OP11Font1 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 355 359 Tm
(Sepedophilus) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
95 Tz
1 0 0 1 423 359 Tm
(sp.) Tj
/OP11Font0 26 Tf
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 297 Tm
(Carabidae) Tj
/OP11Font0 11 Tf
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 251 Tm
(Most of our native ground-beetles are flightless and many are very restricted) Tj
113 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 237 Tm
(in their distribution. For this reason they are of particular interest in zoo-) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 223 Tm
(geography, being useful indicators of relationships of different land areas.) Tj
108 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 195 Tm
(Being predators near the top of the food-chain, ground beetles are also indi-) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 181 Tm
(cators of the "healthiness" of the area. There are approximately 500 species) Tj
110 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 167 Tm
(throughout the country and on an average any one area could contain up to) Tj
1 0 0 1 184 153 Tm
(twenty or more species, occupying specialised niches. If an area is particu-) Tj
1 0 0 1 184 139 Tm
(larly "poor" in species, then this could indicate a history of modification of) Tj
111 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 126 Tm
(the environment from which it has not yet recovered. For instance pasture) Tj
109 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 111 Tm
(contains few carabid species and most of those that are there are introduced) Tj
106 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 97 Tm
(and/or fully winged.) Tj
107 Tz
1 0 0 1 184 68 Tm
(The following species of Carabidae were noted in the Reserve:) Tj
90 Tz
1 0 0 1 60 30 Tm
(4) Tj
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BT
0 0 0 rg
/T1_0 11 Tf
106 Tz 181 776 Td
(species of)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
109 Tz 50 0 Td
(Hemideina)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
107 Tz 57 0 Td
(present at the Reserve is a point of considerable inter-)Tj
108 Tz -107 -13 Td
(est to Dr Gibbs, who has been consulted for an identification. The refer\
ence)Tj
105 Tz 0 -14 TD
(specimen collected is very similar to the newly described)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
108 Tz 269 0 Td
(Hemideina trewicki)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
105 Tz -269 -14 Td
(Morgan-Richards from Mohi Bush, Hawkes Bay. However there is a very real\
)Tj
T*
(possibility of the Wellington weta)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 161 0 Td
(H. crassidens)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
104 Tz 66 0 Td
(\(Blanchard\) and/or the Auck-)Tj
107 Tz -227 -14 Td
(land weta)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
109 Tz 50 0 Td
(H. thoracica)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
111 Tz 63 0 Td
(\(White\) also being in the area. A detailed survey of)Tj
102 Tz -113 -14 Td
(the populations in the Paengaroa Scenic Reserve, including DNA studies, \
would)Tj
112 Tz T*
(be most rewarding in the future, as there is a certain amount of overlap\
of)Tj
109 Tz 0 -13 TD
(these species, both geographically and also with the morphological chara\
c-)Tj
0 -15 TD
(ters on which they are separated.)Tj
0 -27 TD
(In May, 1996 DoC staff collected 12 weta from the reserve which were for\
-)Tj
104 Tz 0 -14 TD
(warded to Dr Gibbs. The specimens were easily found by breaking open sta\
nd-)Tj
102 Tz 1 -14 Td
(ing dead tree trunks \(J. Barkla, C. Ogle pers. comms.\). Dr Gibbs visua\
lly identi-)Tj
107 Tz -1 -14 Td
(fied 11 as)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 50 0 Td
(H. crassidens)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
107 Tz 67 0 Td
(and one as like)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
103 Tz 75 0 Td
(H. trewicki.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
87 Tz 59 0 Td
(It)Tj
107 Tz 11 0 Td
(will be some time be-)Tj
105 Tz -261 -14 Td
(fore DNA studies are completed.)Tj
109 Tz 0 -28 TD
(Several species of cave wetas were seen at night and some specimens were\
)Tj
108 Tz 0 -13 TD
(caught in pit-traps. An interesting ground weta)Tj
106 Tz 228 0 Td
(\()Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
113 Tz 4 0 Td
(Hemiandrus)Tj
116 Tz 63 0 Td
(furcifer)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
105 Tz 41 0 Td
(Ander)Tj
54 Tz -335 -14 Td
([)Tj
103 Tz 3 0 Td
(Det. M. J. Meads]\) was also found in pit-traps in area B. This species \
would be)Tj
109 Tz -4 -14 Td
(expected in the area.)Tj
105 Tz 1 -28 Td
("Vegetable caterpillars" were found along the track approximately half a\
kilo-)Tj
109 Tz 0 -14 TD
(metre in from the west entrance.The fungus)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
108 Tz 216 0 Td
(Cordyceps robertsii)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
104 Tz 98 0 Td
(parasitizes)Tj
108 Tz -314 -14 Td
(large ground dwelling caterpillars of another hepialid moth,)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
110 Tz 288 0 Td
(Dumbletonius.)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
105 Tz -288 -28 Td
(Dusk flights of a large green cockchafer)Tj
106 Tz 190 0 Td
(\()Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
110 Tz 4 0 Td
(Stethaspis longicornis)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
105 Tz 109 0 Td
(Arrow\) were)Tj
106 Tz -303 -13 Td
(noticeable in January, but not December.)Tj
109 Tz -1 -28 Td
(This is the species which is more common in the northern part of the Nor\
th)Tj
107 Tz 1 -14 Td
(Island, south to about Rotorua.)Tj
104 Tz 0 -28 TD
(Ant nests of)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
115 Tz 58 0 Td
(Huberia striata)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
104 Tz 79 0 Td
(\(Fr. Smith\) are common in and under fallen logs.)Tj
112 Tz -137 -14 Td
(These ants are host to an unusual fly,)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 188 0 Td
(Microdon)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
107 Tz 52 0 Td
(\(Syrphidae\). This genus is)Tj
111 Tz -240 -14 Td
(known from Australia; the only place in New Zealand where I have found)Tj
106 Tz 0 -14 TD
(similar flies is in nests of the same ant species \(which is widespread \
through-)Tj
104 Tz T*
(out the country\) on Takaka Hill, Nelson. That was in the spring of 1969\
. [How-)Tj
110 Tz T*
(ever, as far as I am aware, no research has been done on)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 279 0 Td
(Microdon)Tj
/TT0 11 Tf
103 Tz [( )-89(i)]TJ
/T1_0 11 Tf
(n New)Tj
106 Tz -279 -14 Td
(Zealand, and the apparently anomalous distribution may simply be a resul\
t of)Tj
104 Tz T*
(a lack of field data.])Tj
109 Tz 0 -28 TD
(The larvae of these flies are oval and convex dorsally, flat on the unde\
rside)Tj
111 Tz 0 -14 TD
(and soft bodied. They move around in the ant nest, either as scavengers \
or)Tj
107 Tz T*
(predators, and are ignored by the ants, which would quickly attack any o\
ther)Tj
109 Tz T*
(intruders.)Tj
118 Tz 0 -27 TD
(The following list includes the beetles taken from pit-traps other than)Tj
110 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Carabidae. They have been identified by John Nunn, who is a private ento\
-)Tj
104 Tz T*
(mologist living at 142 Mitchell Street, Brooklyn, Wellington.)Tj
89 Tz 0 -29 TD
(CERAMBYCIDAE)Tj
2000 Tz -183 761 Td
(\t)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
111 Tz 355 -761 Td
(Somatidia)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
95 Tz 55 0 Td
(sp.)Tj
90 Tz -227 -14 Td
(CHRYSOMEDLIDAE)Tj
2000 Tz -183 775 Td
(\t)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
108 Tz 355 -775 Td
(Eucolaspis)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
103 Tz 56 0 Td
(sp.)Tj
100 Tz 132 -34 Td
(3)Tj
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/T1_0 11 Tf
103 Tz 180 776 Td
(\(D\))Tj
2000 Tz -180 65 Td
(\t)Tj
111 Tz 209 -65 Td
(half a kilometre further along this track amongst some blocks of old)Tj
106 Tz 0 -14 TD
(decayed podocarp logs.)Tj
108 Tz -29 -27 Td
(These traps were retrieved in January. It was interesting to note the qu\
antity)Tj
109 Tz 1 -14 Td
(of litter-fall during this month-long exposure; many of the trap covers \
were)Tj
107 Tz T*
(completely buried.)Tj
/T1_0 28 Tf
106 Tz 1 -62 Td
(General entomology)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
105 Tz 0 -45 TD
(Day-biting mosquitos are an unfortunate feature of the river flats immed\
iately)Tj
108 Tz 0 -14 TD
(west of the swing bridge, where pooling of storm water can occur. Sandfl\
ies)Tj
112 Tz T*
(were also present in this area. Neither were prevalent in other parts of\
the)Tj
104 Tz T*
(Reserve during my visits.)Tj
109 Tz 0 -28 TD
(One of the most striking entomological features of this forest is the nu\
mer-)Tj
121 Tz 0 -14 TD
(ous holes made by caterpillars of the puriri moth)Tj
106 Tz 267 1 Td
(\()Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
115 Tz 4 -1 Td
(Aenetus virescens)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
124 Tz -271 -14 Td
(\(Doubleday\) : Hepialidae\) in tree trunks, particularly lacebark and)Tj
109 Tz T*
(putaputaweta. It was noted in the following host trees:)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
114 Tz 0 -28 TD
(Aristotelia serrata *)Tj
111 Tz 1 -14 Td
(Carpodetus serratus *)Tj
113 Tz -1 -14 Td
(Hoheria angustifolia)Tj
114 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Hoheria populnea *)Tj
106 Tz T*
(Melicope simplex)Tj
109 Tz 0 -13 TD
(Melicytus lanceolatus)Tj
113 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Myrsine divaricata)Tj
111 Tz T*
(Nestegis cunninghamii)Tj
113 Tz 1 -14 Td
(Plagianthus regius)Tj
111 Tz T*
(Pseudowintera colorata)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
87 Tz 1 -14 Td
(*)Tj
106 Tz 4.842 0 Td
(Also recorded \(along with other plants\) by Hudson \(1928\))Tj
105 Tz -5.842 -28 Td
(The life cycle of puriri moth takes 3-5 years from egg to adult \(Alma 1\
977\). It)Tj
110 Tz 1 -14 Td
(is thought that eggs are scattered randomly by the female moth, and larv\
ae)Tj
107 Tz 0 -13 TD
(spend about the first year of their life in decaying wood on the ground \
where)Tj
106 Tz 0 -14 TD
(they feed mainly on fungi. Then the larva completely changes its life st\
yle by)Tj
109 Tz T*
(seeking out a host tree, and in some cases climbing a considerable dista\
nce)Tj
110 Tz T*
(from the ground before beginning to bore a tunnel into the living trunk.\
At)Tj
107 Tz T*
(this point it protects itself by spinning a silk cover over the hole, en\
larging it)Tj
0 -15 TD
(as it grows. Its tunnel first slopes slightly upwards and then more or l\
ess ver-)Tj
108 Tz 0 -14 TD
(tically down inside the trunk.)Tj
111 Tz 0 -27 TD
(For the rest of its life as a caterpillar, it feeds on callus tissue imm\
ediately)Tj
0 -14 TD
(beneath its web covering and retreats into the vertical tunnel for shelt\
er. It)Tj
107 Tz T*
(eventually pupates in this part of the tunnel but the pupa remains remar\
kably)Tj
109 Tz T*
(active, frequently climbing up and down the tunnel and just before it is\
due)Tj
104 Tz T*
(to emerge it climbs back up to be near the surface \(Miller 1984, Grehan\
1983\).)Tj
106 Tz 0 -29 TD
(The many abandoned tunnels of this caterpillar form favourite homes for \
tree)Tj
104 Tz 0 -14 TD
(weta)Tj
106 Tz 27 0 Td
(\()Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
111 Tz 4 0 Td
(Hemideina)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
106 Tz 54 0 Td
(\))Tj
111 Tz 9 1 Td
(which can be heard rasping in the evenings. The actual)Tj
72 Tz -217 -25 Td
(2)Tj
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(Introduction)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
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(PHYSICAL FEATURES)Tj
107 Tz 0 -29 TD
(Paengaroa Scenic Reserve is an area of approximately 100 hectares of nat\
ive)Tj
111 Tz 0 -14 TD
(forest clothing a south-facing slope, ranging in height from 520m near t\
he)Tj
T*
(bank of the Hautapu Stream up to a hill of 706m. It remains almost total\
ly)Tj
108 Tz 1 -14 Td
(shaded during the winter months during which time heavy frosts build upo\
n)Tj
105 Tz T*
(each other, particularly along the river terrace. This is the area where\
many of)Tj
111 Tz -1 -13 Td
(the unusual divaricating shrubs occur and is the main focus of this surv\
ey.)Tj
107 Tz T*
(Apart from the pooling of water along parts of the river terrace during \
heavy)Tj
109 Tz 1 -14 Td
(rains, the only semi-permanent water in the Reserve is from a small stre\
am)Tj
106 Tz T*
(flowing south in a central valley.)Tj
138 Tz 0 -50 TD
(SCOPE OF SURVEY)Tj
108 Tz 0 -27 TD
(The survey was requested by the Wanganui Conservancy of the Department)Tj
109 Tz 0 -14 TD
(of Conservation \(DoC\) to see if there is any particular species of ins\
ect that)Tj
104 Tz 1 -14 Td
(could be used in future monitoring changes in the Reserve as a result of\
preda-)Tj
113 Tz -1 -14 Td
(tor control. Due to budget constraints this report is based on a short o\
ne-)Tj
107 Tz 1 -14 Td
(season survey of the lower parts of the Reserve, carried out during two \
visits)Tj
106 Tz T*
(in December 1995 and January 1996.)Tj
109 Tz -1 -28 Td
(The limitations of such a brief survey are obvious, particularly with ge\
neral)Tj
105 Tz 1 -14 Td
(entomology, where the details noted here could almost be described as "l\
ucky)Tj
104 Tz -1 -13 Td
(finds". Further visits would surely reveal many more records. In the sho\
rt time)Tj
106 Tz 1 -14 Td
(available, a deliberate attempt was made to record as many Carabidae as \
pos-)Tj
113 Tz 0 -15 TD
(sible, as these beetles have been quite thoroughly studied throughout th\
e)Tj
110 Tz 0 -13 TD
(country and their assessment would provide one of the best means of com-\
)Tj
109 Tz 0 -14 TD
(paring this area with other places. Although 15 different species were s\
een,)Tj
110 Tz 0 -15 TD
(this list too, should not be regarded as complete as some other carabids\
are)Tj
0 -13 TD
(known from the district, and would be expected to show up in the Reserve\
)Tj
107 Tz 0 -14 TD
(with continued surveying.)Tj
132 Tz 0 -49 TD
(METHODS)Tj
107 Tz 0 -29 TD
(On both visits, general observations, beating foliage, ground searching \
under)Tj
0 -14 TD
(logs, stream sampling and dusk and night collecting were carried out. In\
De-)Tj
106 Tz T*
(cember, 25 pit-fall traps were put in, in four main areas, namely -)Tj
90 Tz 0 -27 TD
(\(A\))Tj
2000 Tz -182 687 Td
(\t)Tj
110 Tz 210 -688 Td
(the tall podocarp area on the frost flats just west of the swing bridge,\
)Tj
87 Tz -28 -27 Td
(\(B\))Tj
2000 Tz -182 715 Td
(\t)Tj
107 Tz 210 -716 Td
(a better drained area near the end of the track downstream of the swing)Tj
106 Tz 0 -14 TD
(bridge,)Tj
94 Tz -28 -29 Td
(\(C\))Tj
2000 Tz -182 759 Td
(\t)Tj
106 Tz 210 -759 Td
(matai / kahikatea / maire forest near the west entrance to the river tra\
ck)Tj
T*
(and)Tj
100 Tz 332 -33 Td
(1)Tj
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(This report was commissioned by Wanganui Conservancy) Tj
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(ISSN 1171-9834) Tj
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(1997 Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 10-420, Wellington, New Zealand) Tj
85 Tz
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(Reference to material in this report should be cited thus:) Tj
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(Townsend, J.I.,) Tj
2000 Tz
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(\t) Tj
83 Tz
1 0 0 1 234 153 Tm
(1997.) Tj
86 Tz
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(An insect survey of Paengaroa Scenic Reserve, Mataroa.) Tj
/OP11Font1 9 Tf
88 Tz
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(Conservation Advisory Science Notes No. 152,) Tj
/OP11Font0 9 Tf
85 Tz
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(Department of Conservation, Wellington.) Tj
87 Tz
1 0 0 1 177 117 Tm
(Keywords: Divaricating shrubs, Puriri moth, Tree wets, ground-beetles, Carabidae.) Tj
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/T1_0 11 Tf
109 Tz 180 775 Td
(the west,)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
113 Tz 47 0 Td
(Duvaliomimus watti)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
112 Tz 106 0 Td
(from the north,)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
111 Tz 78 0 Td
(Prosphodrus occultus)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
102 Tz 111 0 Td
(from)Tj
105 Tz -342 -14 Td
(the east and)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
107 Tz 58 0 Td
(Selenochilus rufipes)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
106 Tz 100 0 Td
(from the south. These appear to be the most)Tj
111 Tz -158 -14 Td
(striking "outsiders". Other species are either well distributed in the c\
entral)Tj
109 Tz 0 -13 TD
(area or are of wider distribution, so that they would be expected there,\
any-)Tj
105 Tz 0 -15 TD
(way. There is one example \(mentioned above\) of a carabid of restricted\
North)Tj
108 Tz 0 -13 TD
(Island distribution and also appearing in the South Island; that)Tj
95 Tz 303 -1 Td
(is)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 11 0 Td
(Molopsida)Tj
116 Tz -316 -13 Td
(pretiosa)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
108 Tz 44 -1 Td
(which was described from the Central Plateau area, and not known)Tj
106 Tz -42 -13 Td
(to occur south of about Raetihi and Taranaki \(and now Mataroa\) in the \
North)Tj
104 Tz 0 -14 TD
(Island, but occurs again in the South Island in the Golden Bay, Nelson D\
istrict.)Tj
105 Tz T*
(Perhaps)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
112 Tz 41 0 Td
(Molopsida seriatopora)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
113 Tz 116 0 Td
(could also come into this category as it is)Tj
106 Tz -157 -14 Td
(recorded in the North Island from the Kaimai Ranges south, but appears t\
o be)Tj
108 Tz T*
(absent from the Tararuas. However it is present again in the northern pa\
rt of)Tj
107 Tz 0 -13 TD
(the South Island, down to about the Murchison area.)Tj
111 Tz 0 -29 TD
(This survey of insect fauna has not revealed distribution patterns among\
st)Tj
110 Tz 0 -14 TD
(the arthropods that parallel the southern botanical connections as shown\
in)Tj
104 Tz T*
(Ogle & Barkla \(1995\); however, there are some eastern affinities. At t\
his stage)Tj
97 Tz 0 -13 TD
(it)Tj
111 Tz 11 0 Td
(would be too premature to quote the syrphid fly as an example, without)Tj
108 Tz -11 -14 Td
(knowing more about its general distribution. Perhaps the closest equival\
ents)Tj
110 Tz 0 -14 TD
(amongst the Carabidae would be the two)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 205 0 Td
(Molopsida)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
56 0 Td
(species)Tj
80 Tz 39 0 Td
(\()Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
116 Tz 2 0 Td
(pretiosa)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
100 Tz 46 0 Td
(and)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
113 Tz -348 -13 Td
(seriatopora)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
92 Tz 57 0 Td
(\),)Tj
106 Tz 9 -1 Td
(but in spite of the Tararua gap, they would not be regarded par-)Tj
110 Tz -66 -14 Td
(ticularly as "South Island species living in the north", rather species \
whose)Tj
108 Tz T*
(distribution covered both islands.)Tj
/T1_0 28 Tf
106 Tz 0 -61 TD
(Future study)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
110 Tz 0 -46 TD
(In the future it would be worth while to continue monitoring the Carabid\
ae)Tj
106 Tz 0 -14 TD
(to see if other species can be found in the Reserve. Another interesting\
group)Tj
112 Tz T*
(to explore with regard to southern connections would be the Lepidoptera,\
)Tj
106 Tz T*
(and possibly caddis flies.)Tj
111 Tz 0 -27 TD
(The strong suspicion that)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
112 Tz 129 -1 Td
(Hemideina trewicki)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
104 0 Td
(may be present in the area)Tj
116 Tz -233 -14 Td
(calls for follow-up studies. Dr Gibbs has asked if ten live specimens of\
)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
109 Tz 0 -13 TD
(Hemideina)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
106 Tz 57 0 Td
(could be collected from the Reserve, obtaining as wide a range of)Tj
111 Tz -57 -14 Td
(colour variations as possible. DNA studies on these would help determine\
)Tj
108 Tz 0 -14 TD
(which species is present, if more than one species occurs there, and the\
pos-)Tj
107 Tz T*
(sible presence of hybrids. This may help clarify the true nature of)Tj
/T1_1 11 Tf
106 Tz 312 -1 Td
(H. trewicki)Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
109 Tz -312 -14 Td
(as this is the first area where a good population is known.)Tj
/TT0 11 Tf
110 Tz 0 -27 TD
(I )Tj
/T1_0 11 Tf
(cannot define any one species of insect that would be suitable for a qui\
ck)Tj
103 Tz 0 -14 TD
(guide to the "healthiness" of the fauna, for future surveys. Any special\
ist would)Tj
110 Tz -1 -14 Td
(be able to draw comparisons within their group, and the Carabideae would\
)Tj
109 Tz T*
(be an example of this, but the larger, more obvious species such as weta\
s or)Tj
110 Tz 0 -13 TD
(puriri)Tj
112 Tz 33 -1 Td
(moths would pose problems for sampling. The total richness of the)Tj
109 Tz -33 -14 Td
(fauna would be a better guide, but this is not always easy to interpret.\
)Tj
90 Tz -124 -80 Td
(8)Tj
ET
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An insect survey of Paengaroa Scenic Reserve, Mataroa
casn152
J.I. Townsend
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