Facts about killer whale/orca
Orcas breaching
- Killer whale flippers are large and paddle-shaped and overall the body is robust.
- Females and males differ in that males are longer and bulkier than females and females have smaller, more curved dorsal fins, and smaller flippers.
- These whales are acrobatic and are commonly seen breaching and flipper-slapping.
Range
The killer whale (Orcinus orca) is the most widely distributed mammal on earth with the exception of humans. Its distribution is patchy however and it is more commonly seen at the poles and in cooler waters. It also prefers deeper water but can be found in shallow bays and estuaries, and in inland seas.
Population
Killer whales are typically encountered in family groups or pods. Pods are usually formed for life and can result in the development of unique dialects.
Diet and foraging
These dolphins have an extremely diverse diet and are the only known cetaceans that regularly prey upon other marine mammals. Attacks or kills have been documented on more than 35 species, including blue whales. Fish species are also important in their diet (e.g.: salmon, tuna, herring, cod, sharks and rays). Squid, octopus, sea birds and sea turtles are also eaten. Killer whales hunt cooperatively and are even known to intentionally strand themselves on beaches temporarily, in order to catch seals.
Life history
Females give birth to their first calf between 11 and 16 years of age and tend to do so every five years for their 25-year reproductive life span. The gestation period is 15-18 months and calves are nursed for at least one year. Females are known to live up to 80 or 90 years. Males reach physical maturity at about 21 years of age and live for a maximum of 50-60 years.
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Contacts
To report whale or dolphin sightings or strandings phone the DOC HOTline 24 hour emergency number:
0800 DOC HOTline (0800 362 468)